RH 阴性血型与抗D免疫球蛋白的使用
怎样预防Rh阴性的母亲被致敏呢？
抗D免疫球蛋白可用来预防Rh阴性的母亲被致敏。目前临床上建议在母体怀孕28周及产后72小时内进行肌肉注射。
Rh阴性的孕妇，产检应该注意的事项？
| 1) |
在怀孕初期或孕前先检验Rh血型，以确定是否属于Rh阴性的个体。如果确定是Rh阴性，应检查先生的血型，若为Rh阳性，则应行间接库姆氏试验（Indirect Coombs test检查， 阳性者再行抗Ｄ抗体滴度（Anti-D antibody titer）测定。这种抗体测定的检查，可以视情况每月一次。 |
| 2) |
在怀孕过程中若有流产或大量出血情形，需行间接库姆氏试验测定，应请教您的医师决定是否需注射Anti-D的免疫球蛋白(Rohgam)。 |
| 3) |
通常接受羊膜腔穿刺后，建议使用预防性的Rohgam注射。 |
| 4) |
若发生Rh同族免疫反应（即间接库姆氏试验阳性），请遵医嘱接受超声波检查或/与羊膜穿刺，以决定治疗的方针。 |
| 5) |
产后72小时内行间接库姆氏试验测定,如为阴性应遵医嘱注射Rohgam以预防致敏。 |
Rohgam（Anti-Dimmunoglobulin),抗D免疫球蛋白是严格的处方药，需到相关的医院咨询并在医生的指导下进行诊治。
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RH Negative Blood Group and Anti-Dimmunoglobulin
How to prevent Rh-negative mothers being sensitized?
Anti-D immune globulin (Rhogam) can be used to prevent Rh-negative mothers being sensitized. Currently, pregnant mother with Rh negative factor blood type is recommended to receive Rhogam at 28 weeks and within 72 hours after delivering baby..
Pregnant women with Rh negative factor blood type should be ware of the followings:
| 1) |
The most important thing is that pregnant women should be tested in the early stages of pregnancy for her blood type and Rh factor.. If she is identified as being Rh negative, she should be checked with Coombs antibody blood tests (indirect and direct) to see if she has been previously exposed and sensitized to Rh positive blood. This can be checked at 28 weeks of pregnancy before Rhogam injection and repeated testing around 36 weeks to delivery before receiving additional Rhogam injection. |
| 2) |
In the event of bleeding due to miscarriage, abortion or pregnancy trauma, you should consult your doctor to decide whether or not Rhogam is clinically indicated for you. |
| 3) |
It is generally recommended preventive Rhogam should be given after amniocentesis. |
| 4) |
If you have become Rh sensitized and develop Rh immune response during pregnancy, you may be advised to undergo ultrasound and/or amniocentesis to determine the any treatment approach necessary. Please consult your doctor for advice. |
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